A comprehensive framework of policies and strategies for safeguarding children in the digital space; challenges, risks, and international cooperation
Abstract
In the era of advanced technologies, the digitalization of daily life plays a significant role in shaping the experiences of children and adolescents. While this transformation provides extensive opportunities in education, communication, and access to information, it also brings serious challenges and risks that threaten the mental and social well-being of this age group. With the emergence of advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Augmented Reality (AR), ensuring the safety and rights of children in the digital environment and protecting them from harm has become more important than ever. Therefore, the development of comprehensive and up-to-date policies and regulations is an essential requirement to guarantee that children and adolescents can safely benefit from the digital space.
Social Risks and Harms Arising from the Digital Environment
Children face content, contact, conduct, and contract risks online, including harmful information, cyberbullying, grooming, and exploitation. Vulnerable groups include low-income, disabled, or marginalized children, with gender and age affecting the type of risk.
Key Requirements for Effective Policy-Making
Effective legislation requires: collecting high-quality data on children’s digital access and experiences; updating or creating comprehensive laws to address all aspects of online safety; and protecting children’s rights and freedoms, including access to information and freedom of expression.
Proposed Policy Package: Child Protection in the Digital Environment
Interventions include broad policies supporting children in schools and communities, and digital-specific policies addressing online risks and victim support.
Prevention: Age verification, developmentally tailored settings, and national digital literacy campaigns.
Criminal Protection: Comprehensive online child protection laws, periodic updates, and focus on sexual abuse content.
International Cooperation: Strengthen bilateral and multilateral collaboration, participate in global forums, and develop safe digital technologies.
This study is conducted at Islamic Parliament Research Center Of The Islamic Republic Of IRAN by Farshid Khezri in 2025.
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