Tannaz Karimi

This report investigates impact of the Hormuz Strait blockade on global metals markets. A vital and logistical chokepoint sees 20% of the world’s oil and significant volumes of dry bulk cargo transit through it annually. Recent military conflicts and restrictions have disrupted supply-demand balances, to a paradigm in mineral and metal industries, evidenced by enhanced […]

Which one of the middle east countries are America’s allies? Seven steel and five major aluminum plants in six Arab countries (Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, and Bahrain), along with one facility in Israel, form the core of the supply chain heavy industries are supported indirectly by the United States. Some complexes such

Recent measures taken by Iran to limit transit through the Strait of Hormuz during the Ramadan War can be justified under international law. These actions served as a strategic tool to exert pressure on adversaries. However, Iran needs to establish a comprehensive legal framework for the “Transit Regime” applicable during both peace and wartime. Four

Kharg Island, a vital Iranian oil export hub in the Persian Gulf, holds absolute immunity due to Iran’s offensive capabilities. Any attack on its oil facilities would trigger a catastrophic global energy crisis, far surpassing the consequences of a direct military confrontation. Kharg Island, a vital Iranian oil export hub in the Persian Gulf, holds

China adopts a “cautious observer with strategic patience” approach to a potential US-Iran war, balancing its key foreign policy goals of managing relations with the US and expanding cooperation with Iran. Its strategy of “hedging” across the Persian Gulf region, evident in its balanced statements, aims to mitigate risks and maintain stability. China’s Energy Lifeline:

The Oil and Energy Think Tank at Imam Sadiq University (AS) offers a rigorous technical critique of the proposed pipeline alternatives to the Strait of Hormuz, asserting that such plans are more political fantasy than engineering reality. Ruhollah Shamizad, argues that Benjamin Netanyahu’s vision of replacing the Strait of Hormuz with pipelines through Israel, particularly